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$B@V:d8fMQCO$K$*$1$k%+%o%;%_$NHK?#(B$B5*5\@6;R!& $B0BF#C#I'!&3A_7N<;0(B Observation on Breeding of the Common kingfisher
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Abstract
While it is probable that Common kingfishers Alcedo
atthis used to be found in |
$B$O!!$8!!$a!!$K(B
$B!!$+$D$FEl5~;T39CO$N>.@n$dCS$J$H$GIaDL$K$_$i$l$?%+%o%;%_!J(BAlcedo atthis$B!K$O!$(B1955$BG/$4$m$+$iEl5~9Y30$G$7$+8+$i$l$J$/$J$j!$$5$i$K(B
1970 $BG/Be$K$O$=$N@8B)0h$OH,2&;R$d!$@DG_$^$G8eB`$7$?$3$H$,CN$i$l$F$$$k!J>>ED(B 1971)$B!#$=$N8e(B 1980$BG/Be$K$J$C$F$+$i=y!9$K$G$O$"$k$,!$%+%o%;%_$,$+$D$F$N@8B)0h$G$7$P$7$P4Q;!$5$lHK?#$,3NG'$5$l$k$h$&$K$J$C$?!#$9$J$o$A(B1982$BG/$K$O?yJB6hOBEDKY8x1`!$N}GO6h@P?@0f8x1`$K3h3h$7HK?#$7$?!JLpLn(B 1990)$B!#$5$i$KHK?#CO$OET?4It$K$^$G9-$,$j!$(B1985$BG/$K$O3k>~6h?e858x1`IU6a$G!$(B1987 $BG/$K$OB?K`@n2
$B!!Cx
Accepted 27 March, 1991.
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* |
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** |
2545-280, Shimoshizushinden, Yotsukaido,
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*** |
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**** |
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***** |
Yamashina
Institute for Ornithology, Konoyama, Abiko, |
$BD4::CO$*$h$SD4::K!(B
$BD4!!::!!CO(B
$B!!D4::$OEl5~ET9A6h85@V:d$K0LCV$9$k@V:d8fMQCO$G9T$C$?!#@V:d8fMQCO$OI_COLL@QLs(B51ha$B$rM-$7!$?M0YE*$KB$@.$5$l$?Dm1`$H<+A3NS$+$i9=@.$5$l$F$$$k!#CO7A$OJ?CONS$NCf$KC+8M7?7LC+$,$$$/$D$b$"$j!$CS$OBg>.9g$o$;$F#6$D$"$k!#<+A3NS$O!$%1%d%-!$%$%m%O%b%_%8!$%`%/%N%-$J$I$NMnMU
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Fig.1. |
Map of the study area, showing the
location of the nest of common kingfishers observed. |
$BD4!!::!!K!(B
$B!!HK?#>u67$ND4::$O!$0i?wCf$NAc7j$rH/8+$7$?#57n#7F|$+$i?w$,AcN)$C$?#57n(B20$BF|$^$G$N(B14$BF|4V$NO"B34Q;!$H!$#67n#1F|$+$i:G8e$N?w$,AcN)$C$?#77n(B15$BF|$^$G$N(B45$BF|4V$N$&$A$N(B28$BF|4V9T$C$?!#$3$l$i$N4Q;!1d$Y;~4V$O(B7449$BJ,!JLs(B124$B;~4V!K$G$"$C$?!##1F|$"$?$j$N4Q;!;~4V$O:G>.(B30$BJ,!$:GBg(B15$B;~4V!$J?6QLs#3;~4V$G$"$j!$4Q;!;~4VBS$O $B!!4Q;!$K$O!$0lJU#2#m$NI[@=%V%i%$%s%I$rMQ$$!$Bh#12sL\$NHK?#;~$OAc7j$+$i(B27$B#m!$Bh#22sL\$O(B23$B#mN%$l$?NSCOFb$+$i9T$C$?!#4Q;!$K$OAP4c6@!J#8G\!$(B10$BG\(B)$B!$K>1s6@!J(B20$BG\!K$r;HMQ$7#2?M#1AH$G9T$$!$?FD;$NAc7j$X$N=PF~$j$N;EJ}!$Ac7j$G$NBZ:_4|4V!$;sM:!$1B$N $BD4!!::!!7k!!2L(B $BAc$N<~JU$N4D6-(B $B!!@V:d8fMQCO@>B&$NEZ e#1#m$N=j$KD>7B#9(Bcm$B!$1|9T$-(B68cm$B$NAc7j$,$"$j!$$3$l$O0JA0$K%+%o%;%_$,1DAc$7$?$b$N$G$O$J$$$+$H;W$o$l$?!#(B
Fig.2. Nesting habitat of common kingfishers
observed at the Akasaka Imperial Grounds. $B#12sL\$NHK?#(B $B!!#57n#7F|$KAc$rH/8+$7$?;~E@$G$O!$$+$J$j@.D9$N?J$s$@?w$,#41)4Q;!$5$l$?!#$3$l$i$N?w$NAcN)$A$r#57n(B20$BF|$K3NG'$7$?!#%h!<%m%C%Q$K$*$1$kK\ $B#22sL\$NHK?#$^$G$NAc7j$X$N=PF~$j(B $B!!AcN)$A8e$N#67n#1F|$+$i#2$D$NAc7j$KN)$F$?:Y$$>.;^$O!$#67n#3F|$^$GKhF| $B#22sL\$NHK?#(B $B!!#67n#6F|$KAc7j$r4Q;!$7$?:]!$?FD;$,$9$G$KJzMq$7$F$$$?$N$r3NG'$7$?!#$3$NF|$h$jKhF|O"B34Q;!$rB3$1!$#67n(B22$BF|$K?w$N@<$r;O$a$FJ9$-?w$,U[2=$7$?$3$H$r3NG'$7$?!##67n(B23$BF|$K$O?w$N?t$rD4::$9$k$?$a%U%!%$%P!<%9%3!<%W$rMQ$$$FAcFb$r$N$>$-!$#51)$N?w$r3NG'$7$?!J(BFig.3)$B!#(B Fig.3. Fiberscope photograph of young of
common kingishers in the nest hole. $B!!AcN)$A$O#77n(B14$BF|$K#11)AcN)$A!$Mb(B15$BF|8aA0#5;~(B30$BJ,$K$O!$Ac7jIU6a$GAcN)$AD>8e$NMDD;#31)$r3NG'$7$?!#8aA0#6;~(B30$BJ,$K:G8e$N#11)$,AcN)$A!$#51)$N?w$,A4ItAcN)$C$?$N$r3NG'$7$?!#(B
$B!!Bh#22sL\$NHK?#$NU[2=F|$+$i49;;$9$k$H!$#67n#4F|$K:G8e$NMq$,@8$^$lJzMq$KF~$C$?$H9M$($i$l!$$3$l$O#12sL\$NAcN)$A$+$i#22sL\$NHK?#$^$G$N4V$N?FD;$NAc7j$N=PF~$j$H0lCW$7$F$$$k!#$5$i$KU[2=D>8e$N%U%!%$%P!<%9%3!<%W$K$h$k4Q;!$+$i!$L5@-Mq$dIeGTMq$O4Q;!$5$l$:#51)$N?w$N0lAcMq?t$O#5Mq$G$"$C$?$3$H$+$i!$=iMqF|$O#57n(B30$BF|$H?dDj$5$l$k!#$3$N$3$H$+$i!$Bh#12sL\$NHK?#$N?w$,AcN)$C$?F|$+$iBh#22sL\$NHK?#$N=iMqF|$^$G(B10$BF|4V$G$"$C$?$3$H$,?dDj$5$l$k!#$3$l$O%h!<%m%C%Q$G$NJ?6Q#7F|4V$H$[$\0lCW$9$k!J(BBoag 1982, Stanley et al. 1985)$B!#(B
$B?w$KBP$9$k?FD;$N5k1B9TF0(B $B!!AcFb$N?w$X$N5k1B$O!$;sM:N>J}$,9T$C$?!#Ac7j$X$N=PF~$j$N;EJ}$,4vDL$j$+4Q;!$5$l$?$,!$$=$NCf$GB?$/4Q;!$5$l$?$N$O!$(1)$B%V%i%$%s%I$N2#$rDL2a$7$FD>@\Ac7j$KF~$j!$=P$k$H$-$O!$8e$:$5$j$7$J$,$i8e8~$-$K=P$F0lC69_2<$7$FEZ $B $B!!K\9F$r$^$H$a$k$K$"$?$j!$5.=E$J$4=u8@$r$$$?$@$$$?;33,D;N`8&5f=jAm:[=) $B0z!!MQ!!J8!!8%(B Boag
David 1982. The Kingfisher pp.120. Blandford Press,
Dorset. $BBh(B23$B4,Bh#19f!J(BNo.85$B!K!!!!!!J?@.#3G/!J(B1991$B!K#37n(B
Cramp Stanley et al.(eds). 1985. Handbook of the
Birds of the Western Palearctic IV. pp.960. Oxford
University Press,
$B6b;R3.I'!!(B1989$B!%5"$C$F$-$?El5~$N%+%o%;%_!%ET;T$K@8$-$kLnD;$N@8BV!$(B24-27.
$B>>EDF;@8!!(B1971$B!%8:>/$9$kEl5~$N%+%o%;%_!%LnD;(B36$B!'(B300-305
$BLpLn!!N1990$B!%<+A3650i1`$K$*$1$k%+%o%;%_$NHK?#$K$D$$$F!%<+A3650i1`Js9p(B(21)$B!'(B1-10
$B;33,D;N`8&5f=j8&5fJs9p(B
$BJ?@.#3G/#37n(B30$BF|H/9T(B
$BH/9T=j!!:bCDK!?M!!;33,D;N`8&5f=j(B